LEGAL RESTRICTIONS AND THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MEDICAL PERSONNEL AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS

Abstract

In the field related to medical personnel and intelligent systems, ethical norms have no guarantee of implementation in international law, but if these norms become binding legal rules, they will benefit from the guarantee of the implementation of said rules. The role of ethics, which is becoming more and more prominent due to the adjustment of governments' sovereignty and the increasing role of non-governmental actors in international law, in areas such as international law, international humanitarian law, international criminal law, international responsibility law and law International treaties are clearly visible. The process of intellectualization in healthcare is a revolutionary technology, changing the methods of diagnostics, treatment and follow-up of patients. The diversity of stakeholders determines the various interests and expectations in relation to its digitalization. The personnel of medical institutions increasingly apply digital achievements in their activity, in particular, such as electronic medical records, artificial intellect systems, telemedicine services, etc. Under the pandemic, minimization and restriction of personal (physical) visits of citizens to medical institutions resulted in the dramatic increase of the significance of digital and virtual medical services, including with the use of artificial intellect. At the same time, the legal issue of digital literacy of the doctors using these technologies remains disputable, as well as their preparedness to actively master the latter. The research objective is to reveal the interconnection between the characteristics of the medical personnel from various clusters of the region and their preparedness to use intelligent medical decision support systems. The authors researched a representative sample of medical personnel from the Republic of Tatarstan (1004 people from 17 state and private medical institutions) before the COVID-19 pandemic, and their literacy in using the intelligent medical decision support systems (MDSS) and attitude towards the modern info-communication technologies. The methods used were: the structured author-designed questionnaire on the behavior of the medical personnel and their attitude towards using the intelligent systems in professional activity. Conclusions: the majority of medical personnel marked the positive influence of digitalization on the quality of medical services. The personnel’s preparedness to use intelligent systems in diagnosing and treatment was mostly influenced by their realization of the need to develop digital competences. The second factor was the preparedness of citizens for the introduced digital technologies and developing digital healthcare. Satisfaction with their work was the third important positive factor of the preparedness of medical personnel for innovations. The main obstacle of healthcare digitalization, from the point of view of medical personnel, is the low level of both the material-technical equipment of medical institutions and their own digital literacy.